13 Week Flagship Program for Pine

Hit 50 putts from 3 ft over a chalk starting line.

Draw a straight line on the putting surface.

Enter score in the app, out of 50 attempts.

Hit 50 putts from 3 ft through the ball gate using the plane board.

Enter score in the app, out of 50 attempts.

Hit 30 putts from 3 ft under a hanging string.

Enter score, out of 30 attempts.

Place 9 balls in different spots around the chipping green like light rough, sand, or short grass 20 to 40 yards from the hole.

Treat each ball as a PAR 2 hole. Hit one wedge shot to the green, then try to putt the ball into the hole.

Finish each ball before starting the next one.

Repeat this process 4 times for a total of 36 shots.

Count how many strokes it takes for each hole.

Count how many holes you finish in 2 strokes or fewer. After finishing, enter your total successful holes out of 36.

Set up 9 balls in easy spots around the short game area like sand traps and rough. Each ball is its own hole with par

For each ball, hit a wedge shot to the green and putt to finish the hole in as few shots as possible.

After each hole, move to the next ball and do the same until all 9 holes are done.

Do the 9-hole course 4 times, changing ball spots a bit each time, so you have 36 tries.

Add up all your shots for the 36 tries. Par total is

Mark a hole as a success if you finish it in 2 shots or less.

At the end, enter your number of successful holes out of 36 in the app.

Set up 9 short holes around the practice area. Put one ball per player on different lies like sand, rough, and slopes.

Each hole is a PAR 2 challenge.

Play the 9 holes two times. Take 2 shots per hole each time. This means 36 shots total.

At each hole, hit your wedge or short shot to the green, then putt until you finish the hole.

Go to the next hole when you finish. Do this for all 9 holes, two times.

Count each hole finished in 2 shots or fewer as a success.

Add the number of successful holes. Enter your score in the app out of 36 attempts.

Set up 9 holes in different easy spots like sand or rough.

Hit 4 shots at each hole (total 36 shots).

Keep the ball setup the same for each shot.

At each hole, use one wedge shot onto the green and finish with putts if needed.

Try to finish each hole in 2 shots or less.

Count each hole finished in 2 shots or less as a success.

After 36 shots, count total successful holes and enter the total out of 36 attempts.

Set up a 9-hole short game course around the green. Each hole is PAR

Put 9 balls in easy spots around the green, like in sand or rough.

For each hole, hit a wedge onto the green and then putt the ball in.

Finish each hole (chip and putt) before going to the next ball spot.

Do the whole 9-hole course 4 times, moving balls for variety if possible.

This gives 36 total tries (9 holes × 4 rounds).

After all 36 tries, count your total strokes and compare to PAR 72 (36 holes × PAR 2).

See how many strokes over or under par you got.

Write down how many holes you finished at or under par, out of 36 tries, in the app.

Set up 9 balls in easy spots around the green like sand, sloped rough, and deep rough. Each ball is a hole. Par is

Hit your chip or pitch shot, then putt to finish each hole.

Play all 9 holes once (18 shots total).

Do the 9 holes two more times, change ball spots each round (36 shots total).

Count the strokes for each hole. Try to stay at or below 18 strokes per round.

Count how many holes you did at par 2 or better.

Enter the number of successful holes (par or better) out of 36 attempts in the app.

Set up 9 balls around the green, each 20–40 yards from the green in easy spots.

Each ball is a separate hole. The goal is 2 shots (par) per hole.

Hit one wedge shot to get the ball on the green.

Putt the ball until it is in the hole, trying to use 2 shots or fewer.

Write down the number of shots for each hole.

Finish all 9 holes in order.

Do the 9 holes 3 times with new ball spots each round, for 27 total tries.

Set up 9 more balls in easy spots and play those, so you have 36 tries total.

Count how many holes you finished in 2 shots or less.

Enter your score in the app: number of successful holes out of 36 attempts.

Set up 9 holes around the chipping area in different spots like sand, sloped rough, or deep rough.

Put 4 balls at each hole.

At each hole, chip or pitch the ball onto the green, then putt the ball into the hole.

Finish one hole before going to the next.

Count how many shots it takes to finish each hole. Each hole should take 2 shots or less.

Add up how many holes were finished in 2 shots or less.

Enter your total for holes finished in 2 shots or less out of 36 tries in the app.

Set up 9 holes in different places around the chipping area, like sand, sloped ground, rough, or deep rough.

Put 4 balls at each hole, one for each player.

Each ball spot is a PAR 2 hole. Chip or pitch the ball onto the green, then putt until the ball goes in.

Play all 9 holes, hitting one shot to the green and putting until you finish the hole.

Repeat the 9-hole course 4 times for a total of 36 shots.

Count how many shots were used for each hole, compare to PAR 2, and keep score (lower score is better).

When finished, enter how many times you completed holes at or below the expected score out of 36 attempts in the app.

Place 3 piles of 12 balls each in deep rough or thick grass between 5 and 30 yards from the hole.

Mark 3 target zones on the green, each zone spaced 6 feet apart, in a straight line from your spot.

Hit 36 chip shots in total, in 3 sets of 12 shots.

For the first 12 shots, aim for Target Zone

Then aim for Target Zone 2 for the next 12 shots.

Aim for Target Zone 3 for the last 12 shots. Enter number of successes in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Alternate between the 3 piles for your shots, keeping the balls in deep rough or thick grass.

Count each shot that stops inside the target zone as a success.

Scatter 40 balls into 8 lines of 5 balls each, spaced 1 yard or meter apart, placed anywhere from 5 to 30 yards from the hole.

On the green, make two circles around the hole: one with a 6-foot (2-meter) radius, and one with a 15-foot (5-meter) radius, using string or tees.

Chip 36 balls during the test, divided into 3 sets of 12 balls.

Chip the first 12 balls, trying to make them land inside the small circle.

Chip the next 12 balls, trying to make them land inside the big circle but outside the small circle.

Chip the last 12 balls, trying to make them land anywhere inside the big circle.

Start from any line and move around as needed, but use only 36 balls.

Count each ball that stops where it is supposed to for each set.

Enter your score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Set up 3 target zones on the green at 6, 12, and 18 feet from the hole.

Place 36 golf balls between 5 and 30 yards from the hole in the flat deep rough.

Split the 36 balls into 3 groups of 12, with each group aimed at one zone.

Hit from the same rough spot, aiming at the same zone, until you finish 12 shots for that zone.

Count a ball as a success if it lands and stays in the right zone.

Add up all successful chips. Enter your score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Place 36 balls in two lines of 18 each. Put lines 5 to 10 meters apart. Balls in each line are 30 cm apart.

Mark two circles on the green: a small circle with 2 meter radius and a big circle with 5 meter radius around the hole.

Divide the 36 balls into 2 sets of

First set: chip from first line aiming for the small circle.

Second set: chip from second line aiming for the big circle.

Hit 3 to 5 shots from one line, then switch lines, to keep consistent.

Each ball stopping inside the correct circle for that set is a success.

Count successful balls in the right circles and enter score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Make 10 piles with 4 balls in each pile, for a total of 40 balls. Put these piles in two lines that cross each other, with 5 piles in each line.

Place the piles on grass, 5-30 yards from the hole. The lines should be 5-10 yards apart, and each pile should be 2 yards apart.

Around the hole, make two circle target zones using string or tees: a small Bullseye (6 feet from hole) and a bigger Bullseye (15 feet from hole).

Hit 36 chip shots, in 3 sets of 12 shots.

For each set, chip towards the Bullseye zones, switching piles each time.

Balls stopping in the small Bullseye count as higher score. Balls in the big Bullseye also count, but less. Both are counted as a successful chip.

When finished, count all balls in the small or big Bullseye out of 36 tries, and enter the total in the app.

Make two piles of balls for each player between 5 and 30 yards from the hole, anywhere in the chipping area, on any surface.

On the green, make two bullseye zones around the hole: inner circle with 6-foot radius and outer ring from 6 to 15 feet.

Each player hits 36 chips: 18 from each pile.

Try to stop the ball in the inner bullseye (best), then outer bullseye (good), or avoid missing both (bad).

Switch piles after 18 shots, finish all 36 shots.

Count how many balls stop in the bullseye zones.

After 36 shots, record the number of balls in the bullseyes as your score. Enter this total in the app out of 36 attempts.

Arrange 36 balls in 2 lines of 18 each to form an L shape.

Keep each ball 1 foot apart in each line. Keep 5-10 yards between the two lines.

Place two circles around the hole on the green: one with a 6-foot radius, and one with a 15-foot radius.

From 5–30 yards away, chip 18 balls from the first line, aiming for the circles.

Chip the other 18 balls from the second line, aiming for the circles.

Alternate hitting 3 to 5 shots between the two lines.

Shots inside the small circle = full success. Shots inside the big circle only = partial success.

Count how many balls stopped in each circle and get your score. Enter your total successful shots out of 36 attempts.

Prepare 36 golf balls in 3 piles of 12 balls each.

Set up 3 target zones on the putting green: one uphill, one flat, one downhill.

From the rough, 5 to 30 yards away, chip 12 balls to land and stop in the uphill zone.

Chip 12 balls to the flat zone.

Chip 12 balls to the downhill zone.

A shot counts as a success if the ball lands and stops in the correct zone.

Keep the ball setup the same for each shot. Only change which zone to aim for.

Count how many shots landed and stopped in the right zones out of 36 attempts, and enter the score in the app.

Gather 36 golf balls. Make 3 piles of 6 balls on an uphill slope and 3 piles of 6 balls on a downhill slope, placing them 5 to 30 yards from the hole.

Mark 3 landing zones on the green in a line, each 6 feet apart; label them Zone 1, Zone 2, and Zone

From each uphill pile, hit 6 chip shots aiming for Zone 1, then Zone 2, then Zone

From each downhill pile, hit 6 chip shots aiming for Zone 1, then Zone 2, then Zone

Count a shot as a success if the ball lands and stops in the intended zone.

After 36 shots, add up how many were successful and enter your score in the app out of 36 attempts.

Get 36 golf balls. Divide into 3 groups of 12 balls.

Set up 3 target zones on the green. Make them easy to see and about the same size.

Go to the rough, 20-40 yards from the hole. Hit 12 balls at the first target zone.

Hit 12 balls at the second target zone from the same spot, same ball setup.

Hit 12 balls at the third target zone the same way.

Keep ball setup on the slope the same for all shots.

Count a shot as a success if it lands and stops in the target zone.

Add up successful shots and enter score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Set up two target zones on the green: one uphill, one downhill. Use cones, clubs, or string to mark each zone about 6 feet wide.

From the fairway slope, 30 to 60 yards away, hit 36 pitch shots.

Split the 36 shots: 18 shots to the uphill zone, 18 shots to the downhill zone.

Keep your stance and ball setup the same for all shots.

First, hit 18 shots to the uphill zone. Then, hit 18 shots to the downhill zone.

Count a success if the ball lands and stays in the target zone.

When finished, add up the number of successful shots, and enter that number out of 36 attempts in the app.

Set up 10 piles of balls in two lines. Each line has 5 piles, and the piles are 3 yards apart. Piles are between 30 and 60 yards from the hole.

On the green, mark 4 circular target zones. Each is 9 feet in radius.

Make 36 pitch shots. For each target zone, make 9 shots.

For each shot, aim to land and stop the ball in the correct target zone.

After 9 shots in one zone, switch zones and repeat until all 4 are done.

Count each shot that stops in the right zone as a success.

Total successful shots out of 36 attempts and enter score in the app.

Scatter 40 balls in 8 lines of 5 balls each, spaced 1 yard/meter apart, between 30 and 60 yards/meters from the hole.

Divide a 15-foot (5-meter) circle around the hole into 4 equal quadrants using string or tees.

Hit 36 pitch shots, in 8 groups of 5 balls each, aiming at a specific quadrant for each group.

For each group of 5 shots, pick one quadrant as the target and try to stop all 5 balls inside it.

Change target quadrant after every group, using all 4 quadrants at least once. The last group can target any quadrant.

Count every ball that stops in the chosen quadrant as a success.

Add up successful shots out of 36 attempts and enter score in the app.

Set up two target zones on the green, one uphill and one downhill, each marked with flags or cones about 3–5 feet apart.

From the rough slope, 20 to 40 yards away, players hit pitch shots trying to land balls in the uphill or downhill target zone.

Take 36 shots total: 18 to the uphill zone and 18 to the downhill zone.

Hit all 18 shots to the uphill zone first, then to the downhill zone, or switch back and forth if preferred.

Count every ball that stays inside the target zone as a success.

Always set up the ball the same way from the rough slope at 20–40 yards.

After 36 shots, enter the number of successful shots in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Set up 2 lines of 18 balls each, making 36 balls total, spaced about 1 foot apart, 30 to 60 yards from the green.

On the green, make 4 areas using string or markers inside a circle about 15 feet wide.

Plan to hit 9 balls into each of the 4 areas.

From one ball line, hit 3 balls at the first area.

Switch to the other ball line and hit 3 balls at the second area.

Keep switching lines, hitting 3 balls at a time, until each area has 9 balls aimed at it.

Count how many balls stop in the right area.

After all 36 balls are hit, record the number that landed in the correct spot out of 36 in the app.

Set up 9 stop zones on the green using markers, buckets, tees, or string.

Place 4 lines of 9 balls off the green, with each ball 1 foot apart. Keep each line 5 yards apart and between 30 and 60 yards from the hole.

Hit 36 pitch shots total, 4 shots for each of the 9 stop zones.

Start at any ball line. Hit 4 balls toward the first stop zone. Repeat for each stop zone, hitting 4 balls per zone.

After each shot, see if the ball stopped in the right zone. Count balls that stopped inside the correct zone.

Keep ball positions and distance the same. Only change your target zone after every 4 shots.

After all 36 shots, count the number of successful shots out of 36 and enter your score in the app.

Make two circles on the green: a small one with a 6-foot (2-meter) radius, and a bigger one with a 15-foot (5-meter) radius.

Put 3 piles of 12 balls each on the short game area, in random spots 30 to 60 yards/meters from the hole.

Hit 36 pitch shots total: 12 from each pile.

From the first pile, hit 12 shots and try to stop the ball inside the circles.

Move to the next pile and repeat, until all 36 shots are done.

Count balls in the small circle as birdies, balls in the big circle as pars, balls outside as bogeys.

Count how many balls are in the circles after all 36 shots. Enter your total score out of 36 attempts.

Place two string circles on the green: an inner Bullseye circle with a 6-foot (2-meter) radius and an outer Bullseye circle with a 15-foot (5-meter) radius around the hole.

Set up 10 piles of 4 balls each (total 40 balls) at 30 to 60 yards from the hole in two lines. Each line has 5 piles spaced about 5 to 10 yards apart. Piles in each line are 2 yards apart.

Hit a total of 36 pitch shots, divided into two groups of 18 shots each, alternating between the two lines of piles.

From each pile, hit 2 pitch shots trying to land the ball inside the inner or outer Bullseye on the green.

Each ball that stops inside the inner Bullseye counts as a birdie. Each ball inside the outer Bullseye but outside the inner circle counts as a par. Balls outside the outer circle are misses.

Keep hitting until you finish 36 shots, switching piles for variety. Enter your score in the app out of 36 attempts.

Pick a target on the range for long irons about 150 to 200 yards away.

Prepare 36 balls. Keep ball placement and setup the same each time.

Use long irons only (4, 3, or 2-iron), switching between clubs throughout the 36 shots.

Aim all shots at the same target with a smooth backswing, focusing on at most two backswing thoughts to produce the desired ball flight.

After each shot, check if the ball flies smoothly and goes toward the target.

Count a shot as a success if it matches your backswing and ball flight goals.

When finished, count how many successful shots you made out of 36 and enter your score in the app.

Pick a clear target or flag on the driving range suitable for long irons (4, 3, or 2 iron).

Hit 36 shots total, all aimed at the same target.

Use only long irons (4, 3, or 2 iron) and switch clubs between shots.

Focus on your downswing, working on at most two downswing thoughts or tasks to produce the desired ball flight.

Count how many shots hit the target area and enter your score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Put 36 balls in one group where you hit from.

Pick one target suitable for long irons (4, 3, 2) and keep your stance the same for every shot.

Use the 4-iron for the first 12 balls, focusing on takeaway and aiming at the target.

Use the 3-iron for the next 12 balls, keeping the same focus and aiming at the same target.

Use the 2-iron for the last 12 balls, maintaining the same focus and target.

Count the shots where the ball goes where you want with the right ball flight.

Add up your successful shots out of 36 and enter your score in the app.

Pick one flag or target at a good distance for woods (hybrid, 5-wood, or 3-wood).

Put your ball on the tee as you usually do for woods shots.

Hit 36 shots with your woods, focusing solely on your downswing. Work on at most two downswing thoughts or tasks to influence the ball flight.

Switch between woods (hybrid, 5-wood, 3-wood) throughout the exercise.

Count a shot as a success if it lands and stops near the selected target.

Enter your number of successes in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Pick 3 targets on the driving range: Target 1 (short), Target 2 (medium), Target 3 (long).

Get 36 balls ready.

Hit 12 balls at Target 1, then 12 at Target 2, then 12 at Target

Use any wood club (hybrid, 5-wood, 3-wood, driver); switch clubs if wanted.

Try to hit each ball close to the target.

Count each shot that lands near the flag as a success.

Add up your total successful shots and enter your score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Set an alignment stick on the ground pointing at the target.

Put a cone or bucket on each side of the target about 5% of the distance from ball to flag.

Get 36 balls and use a 5-wood, Hybrid, or 3-wood.

Split balls into two groups of 18: - 18 shots curve left to right aiming for the right cone/bucket. - 18 shots curve right to left aiming for the left cone/bucket.

Keep the ball position and setup the same every time; only change curve and club.

After each shot, check if the ball lands in the correct cone/bucket on the right side for the curve.

Count each ball in the correct zone as a success.

When all 36 shots are done, total your number of successful shots and enter your score in the app out of 36 tries.

Pick a target flag suitable for your wood club at the driving range.

Hit 36 shots with your wood club, focusing solely on your backswing.

Concentrate on at most two backswing thoughts or tasks to produce your desired ball flight.

Try to do your backswing as planned for each shot.

Count each shot as a success if the ball lands within 5 yards of the target.

Add up your successes and enter your score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Choose one target on the range suitable for woods shots (Hy, 5W, or 3W). Keep ball placement and stance the same.

Hit 36 shots in total.

Hit 12 low shots at the chosen target.

Hit 12 mid shots at the same target.

Hit 12 high shots at the same target.

Count each shot that lands on or near the target as a success.

Add up how many of your 36 shots were successes and enter your score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Pick one target on the range suitable for woods (Hy, 5W, 3W).

Hit 36 shots total using any wood club, aiming all shots at the same target.

Focus on producing a straight shot with no push or pull for each attempt.

Do not move your ball or change setup. Only aim straight at the target.

After all 36 shots, count the successes where the ball lands in or very close to the target and enter the score in the app.

Pick one target or flag on the range to aim at for all your shots with woods.

Set up the ball the same way for every shot.

Hit 36 shots using woods only, focusing on impact and follow through.

Work on at most two impact and follow through thoughts or tasks throughout the drill to produce the desired ball flight.

You may switch between woods (Hybrid, 5-wood, 3-wood) during the drill as you focus on your impact and follow through.

Count shots that land close to your target line and inside a 10-yard-wide imaginary zone as successful.

After 36 shots, total your successful shots and enter your score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Set up one flag target.

Place three landing zones in a line, each 8 yards/meters apart, going toward the flag.

Hit 36 long iron shots in 3 sets of

In each set, aim for the first, then second, then third landing zone in order.

The ball must stop within 8 yards/meters of the flag.

Use long irons only (4, 3, or 2). Switch clubs during the drill if wanted.

Count each shot that lands in the right zone and stops within 8 yards/meters of the flag as a success.

After 36 shots, enter the number of successful shots in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Pick one flag or target for long irons (4, 3, or 2 iron).

Mark three landing zones about 10 yards/meters apart around the flag using cones, buckets, or markers.

Hit 36 shots, split into three groups of 12 shots.

For the first 12 shots, aim for Landing Zone

For the next 12 shots, aim for Landing Zone

For the last 12 shots, aim for Landing Zone

Switch between 4, 3, and 2 irons if wanted, but set up the ball the same way each time.

Count shots that land and stop in the right landing zone as a success.

When finished, add up the successful shots and enter your score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Pick one flag or target at a long iron distance.

Hit 36 shots, grouped in 4 sets of 9 shots.

Set 1: Hit 5 draws and 4 fades to the target.

Set 2: Hit 5 high shots and 4 low shots to the target.

Set 3: Hit 5 pull/fade shots and 4 push/draw shots to the target.

Set 4: Hit any mix of the shot types above to the target.

Use any long irons (4, 3, or 2 iron) you want for each shot.

Try to make the ball fly in the shape or height you want, toward the flag.

Count only shots that land near the target and have the right shape as a success.

Add up the number of successful shots and enter your score out of 36 in the app.

Pick a target on the range for long irons about 150 to 200 yards away.

Prepare 36 balls. Keep ball placement and setup the same each time.

Use long irons only (4, 3, or 2-iron), switching between clubs throughout the 36 shots.

Aim all shots at the same target with a smooth backswing, focusing on at most two backswing thoughts to produce the desired ball flight.

After each shot, check if the ball flies smoothly and goes toward the target.

Count a shot as a success if it matches your backswing and ball flight goals.

When finished, count how many successful shots you made out of 36 and enter your score in the app.

Pick a flag or target on the range for 8 or 9 iron shots.

Put three markers 6 yards apart around the flag to make three landing zones.

Use 36 balls for the test.

Split shots into three groups of

Hit 12 shots at Landing Zone

Hit 12 shots at Landing Zone

Hit 12 shots at Landing Zone

Use 8 or 9 iron as preferred but keep setup and distance the same.

Count balls that stop in the right landing zone as a success.

Add up successful shots out of 36 and enter score in the app.

Pick one flag or target to aim at for all shots.

Make three zones in a row before the flag. Each zone is 5 yards wide and 5 yards apart. Zone 1 is closest to you, Zone 2 is in the middle, Zone 3 is closest to the flag.

Hit 36 shots with short irons (8 or 9 iron), split into 3 sets of

For the first 12 shots, try to land the ball in Zone 1 and stop within 5 yards of the flag.

For the next 12 shots, try to land the ball in Zone 2 and stop within 5 yards of the flag.

For the last 12 shots, try to land the ball in Zone 3 and stop within 5 yards of the flag.

Use the same setup for all shots. Switch between 8 and 9 iron if you want.

Count a shot as a success if it lands and stops in the right zone and within 5 yards of the flag.

After 36 shots, add up the number of successes and enter the score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Pick a target suitable for short iron shots (9 or 8 iron).

Hit 36 shots: alternate between producing left-to-right and right-to-left ball flights, all aimed at the same target.

Use the same setup and stance for every shot, focusing on shaping the ball to curve correctly.

Count shots that land and stop near the target as successful.

When all 36 shots are done, add up your total successful shots out of 36 and enter the score in the app.

Pick one flag or target for long irons (4, 3, or 2 iron).

Mark three landing zones about 10 yards/meters apart around the flag using cones, buckets, or markers.

Hit 36 shots, split into three groups of 12 shots.

For the first 12 shots, aim for Landing Zone

For the next 12 shots, aim for Landing Zone

For the last 12 shots, aim for Landing Zone

Switch between 4, 3, and 2 irons if wanted, but set up the ball the same way each time.

Count shots that land and stop in the right landing zone as a success.

When finished, add up the successful shots and enter your score in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Set up one flag target.

Place three landing zones in a line, each 8 yards/meters apart, going toward the flag.

Hit 36 long iron shots in 3 sets of

In each set, aim for the first, then second, then third landing zone in order.

The ball must stop within 8 yards/meters of the flag.

Use long irons only (4, 3, or 2). Switch clubs during the drill if wanted.

Count each shot that lands in the right zone and stops within 8 yards/meters of the flag as a success.

After 36 shots, enter the number of successful shots in the app, out of 36 attempts.

Pick one target suitable for long irons (4, 3, 2).

Hit 36 shots using your long irons (4, 3, and 2 irons).

Hit 18 shots curving left-to-right and 18 shots curving right-to-left, all towards the same target.

Keep the same stance and setup for every shot.

Try to make the ball land close to the target.

Count each shot that lands and stays near the target as a success.

Add up your total successful shots and enter your score in the app, out of 36 attempts.